SS-31
Elamipretide — mitochondria-targeted cardioprotective peptide for cellular energy and heart health.
Category
Longevity & Energy
Frequency
Daily or 5x weekly
Research
Phase 3 Clinical TrialsWhat is SS-31?
SS-31 (also known as Elamipretide or MTP-131) is a synthetic tetrapeptide specifically designed to target and concentrate in the inner mitochondrial membrane. It was developed by Hazel Szeto and Peter Schiller (SS = Szeto-Schiller) and has undergone extensive clinical trials for heart failure and primary mitochondrial myopathy.
What makes SS-31 unique among anti-aging peptides is its precise targeting mechanism — it selectively accumulates in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it interacts with cardiolipin, a phospholipid essential for the mitochondrial electron transport chain. By stabilizing cardiolipin, SS-31 dramatically improves mitochondrial efficiency and reduces oxidative damage.
SS-31 has shown remarkable results in aging animal models — old mice given SS-31 showed improvements in exercise tolerance, heart function, and kidney function that returned them to levels seen in young animals. It is considered one of the most promising interventions for age-related mitochondrial decline.
How It Works
Cardiolipin Stabilization: SS-31 binds directly to cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing the structure of mitochondrial cristae and improving electron transport chain efficiency.
ROS Reduction: By improving electron flow efficiency, SS-31 dramatically reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) — the primary driver of mitochondrial oxidative damage and aging.
ATP Production: Better mitochondrial efficiency means more ATP (cellular energy) produced per unit of fuel, improving cellular performance throughout the body.
Benefits
- Mitochondrial efficiency improvement — more energy from same fuel
- Reduced oxidative stress and ROS production
- Cardioprotection — protects heart tissue from ischemic damage
- Improved exercise tolerance and physical performance
- Kidney protection (renal mitochondrial support)
- Neurodegenerative disease protection
- Age-related mitochondrial decline reversal (animal models)
Dosing Protocol
| Phase | Dose | Frequency | Duration |
|---|---|---|---|
| Standard | 2–4mg | Once daily SC | 8–12 weeks |
| Cardiac Protocol | 4mg | Once daily | 12 weeks |
| Longevity Maintenance | 2mg | 5x weekly | Ongoing |
Always start at the lowest effective dose and titrate up gradually.
Side Effects
Common
- ⚠Injection site reactions (mild pain, redness)
- ⚠Nausea in small subset of users
- ⚠Fatigue in first week (mitochondrial adaptation)
Rare
- •Lightheadedness
- •Diarrhea at higher doses
Who Should NOT Use SS-31
- ✕Severe cardiac arrhythmia (consult cardiologist)
- ✕Pregnancy or breastfeeding
- ✕Active cancer (insufficient data)
What to Expect
Some users notice improved energy early. Exercise tolerance may already be improving.
Sustained energy improvements. Faster recovery. Cardiovascular efficiency improving.
Full mitochondrial benefits established. Most users report feeling substantially more energetic.
FAQ
Q: How does SS-31 compare to NAD+ for mitochondrial health?
A: They work through complementary mechanisms. NAD+ provides the substrate (electron carrier) for energy production. SS-31 improves the efficiency of the mitochondrial machinery itself. Together they are a powerful combination for mitochondrial optimization.
Q: Is SS-31 appropriate for younger users?
A: SS-31 is most beneficial for those over 40, athletes with high oxidative stress, or anyone with cardiovascular or metabolic concerns. Younger, healthy individuals see fewer benefits as their mitochondria are already optimized.
Where to Get SS-31 in Vietnam
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