SS-31 Reconstitution Calculator
Turn a target dose you already have into the exact injection volume and insulin syringe units for your vial. The math only. It never picks a dose for you.
Most people who search for an SS-31 calculator want a tool that tells them what to inject, but this one does not. What number to run, and whether to run it at all, is a decision for a licensed prescriber who knows your history. This tool handles only the arithmetic: once you already have a target dose from your own protocol or supplier, it converts that number into a concentration, an injection volume in millilitres, and the units to draw on an insulin syringe. It does not judge the number.
Enter your own numbers
The target dose starts at zero and waits for you to drag it to your own number, never a suggested one. SS-31 has no established dose for general use. Set every field to whatever your own protocol source specifies.
Target dose from your protocol or supplier. It starts at zero, because a number preset here would read as a recommendation and there is no standard dose to recommend. Nothing calculates until you drag the slider to the figure your own protocol source specifies, and the math updates as you move it.
What the evidence and the community report
These are amounts recorded in published studies and label documents, not recommendations. The Who column tells you where each figure came from, and the full citations sit in Sources at the bottom.
A. Approved label doses
Approved as FORZINITY for a rare mitochondrial disease only, never for wellness, anti-aging, or performance use.
| Amount | Schedule | Route | Who | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg | once daily | subcutaneous | human, at least 30 kg | DailyMed SPL |
| 40 mg at eGFR greater than or equal to 30 mL/minute; 20 mg at eGFR less than 30 mL/minute and NOT on dialysis | once daily | subcutaneous | human, adults | DailyMed SPL |
B. Amounts administered in published studies
Two rows are intravenous infusion rates in mg/kg/h, which do not convert into a subcutaneous milligram amount.
| Amount | Schedule | Route | Who | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 40 mg | per day, 24 weeks | subcutaneous | human, n = 218 | PMID 37268435 |
| 0.01, 0.1 and 0.25 mg/kg/h | infused over 2 hours, dose escalating | intravenous | human, n = 36 | PMID 29500292 |
| 40 mg | per day for 4 weeks | subcutaneous | human, n = 30 | PMID 32096613 |
| 40 mg | per day, 12 weeks per arm plus open label extension | not stated, programme route subcutaneous | human, n = 12 | PMID 33077895 |
| 0.05 mg/kg/h | for 1 hour | intravenous infusion | human, n not stated | PMID 26586786 |
| not stated in the abstract | single dose, 2 hour infusion | intravenous | human, n = 39 | PMID 34264994 |
| 4 mg or 40 mg | once daily for 28 consecutive days | subcutaneous | human, n = 71 | PMID 32068002 |
C. Community reported practice
Self-reported, not peer reviewed, and both publishers earn affiliate commissions on peptide sales.
| Amount | Schedule | Route | Who | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.1 to 1 mg micro or sensitivity start; 0.5 to 1 mg low dose maintenance; 1 to 5 mg most common anti-aging cluster; 5 to 10 mg page standard range; 10 to 20 mg performance oriented reports | maintenance 3 to 5 times per week, anti-aging cluster once daily | subcutaneous | self-reported | [15] |
| 1 to 5 mg typical community range; 2.5 to 5 mg general support; 5 to 20 mg cardiovascular use | once daily | subcutaneous | self-reported | [16] |
Disclaimer: no figure in these tables is a recommendation, and what to take, if anything, is a decision for a licensed prescriber who knows your history.
Two worked math examples
Both examples use 5 mg because it is a round number that keeps the arithmetic easy to follow. It is not a recommendation, and it is not a dose to take. Use the figure your own protocol source specifies.
Example A: 50 mg vial with 2 mL
Math illustration, not a dose to take. The concentration is 50 / 2 = 25 mg/mL, or 25000 mcg/mL. A 5 mg target gives 5000 / 25000 = 0.2 mL, which is 20 units on a U-100 syringe. The vial contains 50000 / 5000 = 10 illustrative draws.
Example B: 10 mg vial with 2 mL
Math illustration, not a dose to take. The concentration is 10 / 2 = 5 mg/mL, or 5000 mcg/mL. A 5 mg target gives 5000 / 5000 = 1 mL, which is 100 units on a U-100 syringe. The vial contains 10000 / 5000 = 2 illustrative draws, and the volume is larger than a 0.5 mL barrel.
The target number stays the same in both examples, while the vial amount changes the concentration and syringe reading. Enter your own numbers above to run the same calculation.
What this calculator does, and what it will not do
A reconstitution calculator answers a mechanical question. You have a vial of freeze dried peptide and add a known volume of water. That fixes the concentration. From there, any target number you enter has one matching draw volume, and the calculator finds it. There is no judgment in that step, only division.
What it will not do is choose the dose. A tool that reads your weight or goals and hands back "inject this much" is giving medical advice, and this calculator does not do that. The target dose is something you bring to the calculator, not something it gives you. If you do not have a number from a licensed prescriber or a protocol source you trust, no calculation on this page can supply one.
How to reconstitute an SS-31 vial
If your vial contains lyophilized powder, reconstitution means adding the water volume you entered above and letting the powder dissolve. These are general vial handling steps, not instructions for choosing or administering a dose.
- Wipe both rubber stoppers, the peptide vial and the water vial, with an alcohol swab and let them dry.
- Draw the water volume you entered in the calculator into a syringe.
- Insert the needle at a slight angle so the water runs down the inside wall of the vial rather than directly onto the powder.
- Inject the water slowly. Do not shake the vial. Swirl gently until the solution is clear.
- Label the vial with the date and the calculated concentration in mg/mL.
- Follow the supplier's written storage and handling instructions.
Water choice and storage sit outside the calculator's arithmetic. For the difference between the two common water types, see bacteriostatic water vs sterile water. For a general mixing walkthrough, see how to use peptides.
Picking the BAC water volume
The amount of water you add does not change how much peptide is in the vial. It changes the concentration and therefore the liquid volume for the target number you enter. A 50 mg vial reconstituted with 1 mL is twice as concentrated as the same vial with 2 mL, so the draw is half the volume for the same target. More water spreads the syringe marks out, while less water concentrates the draw. The calculator recomputes instantly so you can compare volumes and use the written instructions that came with your vial.
Reading the insulin syringe
The calculator uses the U-100 conversion:
1 unit = 0.01 mL
100 units = 1 mL = full 1 mL barrel
A result of 0.5 mL is 50 units, and a result of 0.25 mL is 25 units. The calculator shows both formats so you can match the volume to a U-100 syringe. It also checks the result against the selected 0.3 mL, 0.5 mL, or 1.0 mL barrel capacity.
Why the calculator does not choose a dose
SS-31, also called elamipretide and formerly MTP-131, is FDA-approved as FORZINITY for a specific rare mitochondrial disease, and the label sets a dose for that indication only. There is no approved dose for wellness, anti-aging, or performance use, so the calculator has nothing to draw on for the reasons most people arrive here. The MMPOWER-3 randomized trial enrolled 218 people with primary mitochondrial myopathy and did not find an improvement in fatigue or the six minute walk compared with placebo (PMID: 37268435). ReCLAIM-2 enrolled 176 people with geographic atrophy and missed its primary endpoints (PMID: 39605874). The animal and cell studies below do not give a calculator a basis for choosing a target number.
These sources explain why the tool stops at arithmetic. For information about the compound itself, read the SS-31 compound profile.
Sources
1. Karaa A, Bertini E, Carelli V, Cohen BH, Enns GM, Falk MJ, et al. Efficacy and Safety of Elamipretide in Individuals With Primary Mitochondrial Myopathy: The MMPOWER-3 Randomized Clinical Trial. Neurology. 2023 Jul 18;101(3):e238-e252. PMID: 37268435. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207402.
2. Thompson WR, Manuel R, Abbruscato A, Carr J, Campbell J, Hornby B, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of elamipretide in patients with Barth syndrome: 168-week open-label extension results of TAZPOWER. Genet Med. 2024 Jul;26(7):101138. PMID: 38602181. DOI: 10.1016/j.gim.2024.101138.
3. Ehlers JP, Hu A, Boyer D, Cousins SW, Waheed NK, Rosenfeld PJ, et al. ReCLAIM-2: A Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial Evaluating Elamipretide in Age-related Macular Degeneration, Geographic Atrophy Growth, Visual Function, and Ellipsoid Zone Preservation. Ophthalmol Sci. 2025 Jan-Feb;5(1):100628. PMID: 39605874. DOI: 10.1016/j.xops.2024.100628.
4. Sabbah HN, Alder NN, Sparagna GC, Bruce JE, Stauffer BL, Chao LH, et al. Contemporary insights into elamipretide's mitochondrial mechanism of action and therapeutic effects. Biomed Pharmacother. 2025 Jun;187:118056. PMID: 40294492. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2025.118056.
5. Siegel MP, Kruse SE, Percival JM, Goh J, White CC, Hopkins HC, et al. Mitochondrial-targeted peptide rapidly improves mitochondrial energetics and skeletal muscle performance in aged mice. Aging Cell. 2013 Oct;12(5):763-71. PMID: 23692570. DOI: 10.1111/acel.12102.
6. Campbell MD, Duan J, Samuelson AT, Gaffrey MJ, Merrihew GE, Egertson JD, et al. Improving mitochondrial function with SS-31 reverses age-related redox stress and improves exercise tolerance in aged mice. Free Radic Biol Med. 2019 Apr;134:268-281. PMID: 30597195. DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.031.
7. Ravenscraft B, Lee DH, Dai H, Watson AL, Aparicio GI, Han X, et al. Mitochondrial Cardiolipin-Targeted Tetrapeptide, SS-31, Exerts Neuroprotective Effects Within In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 2;26(7):. PMID: 40244206. DOI: 10.3390/ijms26073327.
8. FORZINITY (elamipretide hydrochloride) injection, Stealth BioTherapeutics. DailyMed Structured Product Label, section 2.1 Recommended Dosage and section 2.2 Table 1 Recommended Dosage in Adults with Renal Impairment. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/services/v2/spls/146bf34c-76f2-48db-ac07-fb29cce2cd75.xml
9. Randomized dose-escalation trial of elamipretide in adults with primary mitochondrial myopathy (MMPOWER). Neurology. 2019. PMID: 29500292.
10. A randomized crossover trial of elamipretide in adults with primary mitochondrial myopathy (MMPOWER-2). J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2020. Crossover design with a 4 week washout. PMID: 32096613.
11. A phase 2/3 randomized clinical trial followed by an open-label extension to evaluate the effectiveness of elamipretide in Barth syndrome. Genet Med. 2021. Of 12 randomized in part 1, 10 continued into the open label extension and 8 reached 36 weeks. PMID: 33077895.
12. EMBRACE STEMI study: a Phase 2a trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of intravenous MTP-131 on reperfusion injury. Eur Heart J. 2016. Enrolled first-time anterior ST elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention. PMID: 26586786.
13. In vivo mitochondrial ATP production is improved in older adult skeletal muscle after a single dose of elamipretide in a randomized trial. PLoS One. Healthy older adults aged 60 to 85 enrolled for poorly functioning mitochondria. The abstract states a single dose given as a 2 hour intravenous infusion but no amount, so no amount is recorded in the table. PMID: 34264994.
14. Effects of Elamipretide on Left Ventricular Function in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: The PROGRESS-HF Phase 2 Trial. J Card Fail. Mean age 65, mean ejection fraction 31 percent, randomized 1:1:1 to placebo, 4 mg or 40 mg. PMID: 32068002.
15. Peptide Dosing Protocols (Garret Grant). SS-31 Peptide Dosing Guide, fetched 2026-08-04. Self-reported community practice, not a study population and not peer reviewed. Affiliate model: the site does not sell peptides directly but earns commissions from linked vendors. To its credit, this page correctly warns that the 40 mg figure circulating in protocol content traces back to the Barth syndrome trial programme and the FORZINITY label, neither of which studied anti-aging or healthy adult use. https://www.peptidedosingprotocols.com/protocol/ss-31
16. PeptideWiki. SS-31 (Elamipretide) Dosage Guide, fetched 2026-08-04. Self-reported community practice, not a study population and not peer reviewed. Affiliate model with discount codes to third party vendors. Its community figures are recorded in the table above, but its clinical trial section misstates the published literature, so its clinical claims are not carried on this page. https://peptidewiki.co/guides/dosage-guides/ss-31-dosage-guide
Frequently asked questions
Is SS-31 FDA-approved?
Yes, for one narrow indication. SS-31, also called elamipretide and formerly MTP-131, is FDA-approved and marketed as FORZINITY by Stealth BioTherapeutics, and its prescribing information sets a label dose of 40 mg subcutaneously once daily in patients weighing at least 30 kg. That approval covers a specific rare mitochondrial disease. There is no approved dose for wellness, anti-aging, performance, or any other consumer use, which is why this calculator still does not choose a dose. It only converts a target number you already have into concentration, volume, and syringe units.
Why does the calculator ignore energy or muscle goals?
A calculator cannot turn a goal into a dose. Energy and endurance findings for SS-31 came from aged-mouse studies. In the largest human trial, which enrolled 218 people with primary mitochondrial myopathy, elamipretide did not improve fatigue or the six minute walk compared with placebo. Those findings do not provide a basis for selecting a target number.
Which SS-31 dose should I enter?
There is no established SS-31 dose for consumer or wellness use, so this tool does not supply one. The target dose starts at zero and nothing is calculated until you drag the slider to a figure yourself. No number is preset for you, because any figure sitting there would read as a suggestion. Set it only to the number supplied by your own licensed prescriber or protocol source.
How much BAC water do I add to a 50 mg SS-31 vial?
There is no single answer from the calculator because water volume is a readability choice, not a potency choice. A 50 mg vial in 2 mL of water gives a concentration of 25 mg/mL. The same vial in 4 mL gives 12.5 mg/mL, so the same target number draws twice the volume at the lower concentration. Enter the water volume in your written instructions, and the calculator will show the matching draw.
Why does vial size not define a dose?
Vial size is the total amount of powder shown on the vial, not an instruction for how much to use. Enter that total in the vial field, then enter a separate target number from your own licensed prescriber or protocol source. The calculator keeps those values separate and warns when the requested dose is larger than the entire vial.
Why does the calculator ignore aging, brain, or vision goals?
The cited aging and neuroprotection findings are from mice and cell culture, not people. The randomized human vision trial enrolled 176 people and missed its primary endpoints. Preclinical findings and missed trial endpoints do not give a calculator a basis for choosing a dose, so this tool asks for a target number instead of deriving one from a goal.
Is this calculator medical advice?
No. It is harm reduction education. It performs reconstitution arithmetic on numbers you supply. It does not diagnose, does not prescribe, and does not tell you what dose to take. Elamipretide is approved as FORZINITY for a specific rare mitochondrial disease with a defined label dose, and there is no approved dose for wellness or consumer use. Always cross-check with your protocol source, supplier instructions, and where possible a qualified clinician.
This is harm reduction education, not medical advice
This calculator is for educational use. It converts a dose you already have into a volume and syringe reading. It does not choose a dose. Peptide protocols vary between individuals and compounds. Always cross-check with your protocol source, supplier instructions, and where possible a qualified clinician.